PART 2: ANNOTATED BIOBLIOGRAPHY

Required ResourcesRead/review the following resources for this activity:

· Minimum of 8 scholarly resources

IntroductionYou will work on a research project for the duration of this course that you will deliver as a presentation. Here is a brief breakdown of the project so that you can plan your time in the course:

Week	Task
Week 3	Topic Selection
Week 5	Annotated Bibliography
Week 6	Script
Week 8	Presentation

InstructionsNow that you have selected a topic for your final presentation, this week you will need to construct your annotated bibliography using APA style. For this assignment, you need to select a minimum of 8 sources that you plan on using for your presentation and then construct the annotations for each source. The concept of constructing a bibliography is certainly not new for most students, but you may not be as comfortable adding annotations to the bibliography entries.

After you select a source and reference it in APA format, construct the annotation for the source. The annotation is really just answering a few questions about the sources itself and once you answer these questions this part of the assignment almost creates itself. Answer the following 6 questions for each source:

1. Main purpose of the source

2. Intended audience for the source

3. Relevance to your topic (or explain why it was not relevant to your topic)

4. Author's background and credibility

5. Author's conclusions or observations

6. Your conclusions or observations

Writing Requirements (APA format)

· Length: 3-5 pages (not including title page or references page)

· 1-inch margins

· Double spaced

· 12-point Times New Roman font

· Title page

· References page (minimum of 8 scholarly sources)

GradingThis activity will be graded using the W5 Course Project Grading Rubric.

Course Outcomes (CO): 2, 3, 5, 8

Due Date: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday

Rubric

Week 5 Course Project Grading Rubric

Week 5 Course Project Grading Rubric
Criteria	Ratings	Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLength	5 pts Meets length requirement 0 pts Does not meet length requirement	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 1	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 2	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 3	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 4	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 5	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 6	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 7	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Summary 8	7 pts Includes a strong annotation and your own conclusions, demonstrating relevance and thorough understanding of the source. 5.75 pts Includes annotation and your own conclusions, but needs additional details to demonstrate relevance and/or thorough understanding of the source. 4.25 pts Annotation lacks details or is missing several aspects, showing unclear understanding of the source and/or its relevance. 0 pts No effort	7 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA: Citation and Reference Formatting	14 pts All sources are properly cited in the text and references page demonstrating a mastery of resource and APA citation reference format. 11.25 pts Most sources are cited in the text and references page. Some minor errors may exist in citation, but it does not interfere with understanding the source of the information. 8.5 pts Most sources are integrated, structured, and cited in the text and references page. Some errors may exist in citation that need to be addressed to clarify the source of information. 0 pts Sources are not cited.	14 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWriting: Mechanics & Usage	5 pts The writing is free of errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that would detract from a clear reading of the text. 4 pts The writing contains some errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that need to be addressed for a clearer reading of the text. 3 pts The writing contains several errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that impede a clear reading of the text. 0 pts No effort	5 pts
Total Points: 80

PART 3: Presentation Script

Required ResourcesRead/review the following resources for this activity:

· Minimum of 8 scholarly resources (These are from the Week 5 Annotated Bibliography. Conduct additional research as needed.)

IntroductionYou will work on a research project for the duration of this course that you will deliver as a presentation. Here is a brief breakdown of the project so that you can plan your time in the course:

Week	Task
Week 3	Topic Selection
Week 5	Annotated Bibliography
Week 6	Script
Week 8	Presentation

InstructionsThe next step in the course project is to develop a script that you will use to record the narration for your presentation. Include headings for the slide number. Your final presentation should have 5-8 slides (not including title slide, conclusion slide, or references slide). Here are a few tips:

· Address all requirements for the content.

· Balance the amount of content for each slide. If there is too much content on one slide, try to break it up into two slides or consider where you can be more concise with your wording.

· Include citations where needed (e.g., quoted material and paraphrased/summarized ideas from a source that are not common knowledge). Note: When you get to the recording phase – you will need to read your in-text citations aloud, but you do not need to read your references slide.

Looking AheadPractice reading their script now so that you will be ready to record by Week 8. You may use PowerPoint or another method (mp4 file) approved by your instructor.

Writing Requirements (APA format)

· Length: minimum of 3 pages (not including title page or references page)

· 1-inch margins

· Double spaced

· 12-point Times New Roman font

· Title page

· References page (minimum of 8 scholarly sources)

GradingThis activity will be graded using the W6 Course Project Grading Rubric.

Course Outcomes (CO): 2, 3, 5, 8

Due Date: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday

Rubric

Week 6 Course Project Grading Rubric

Week 6 Course Project Grading Rubric
Criteria	Ratings	Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLength	5 pts Meets length requirement 0 pts Does not meet length requirement	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeContent	5 pts Paper addresses all aspects of the assignment. 4.25 pts Paper addresses most aspects of the assignment. 3.75 pts Paper addresses some aspects of the assignment. 3 pts Paper addresses few aspects of the assignment. 0 pts No effort	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAnalysis	20 pts Throughout the whole work, content expresses original thoughts or interprets the subject matter in a different perspective. 17 pts Throughout most of the work, content expresses original thoughts or interprets the subject matter in a different perspective. 15 pts Throughout some of the work, content expresses original thoughts or interprets the subject matter in a different perspective. 12 pts Throughout little of the work, content expresses original thoughts or interprets the subject matter in a different perspective. 0 pts No effort	20 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSupport	10 pts Throughout the whole work, claims are supported with detailed and persuasive examples; accurate facts and circumstances are used for support. 8.5 pts Throughout most of the work, claims are supported with detailed and persuasive examples; accurate facts and circumstances are used for support. 7.5 pts Throughout some of the work, claims are supported with detailed and persuasive examples; accurate facts and circumstances are used for support. 6 pts Throughout little of the work, claims are supported with detailed and persuasive examples; accurate facts and circumstances are used for support. 0 pts No effort	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWriting: Mechanics & Usage	10 pts The writing is free of errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that would detract from a clear reading of the paper. 8.5 pts The writing contains a few errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation, but the errors do not detract from a clear reading of the text. 7.5 pts The writing contains some errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that need to be addressed for a clearer reading of the paper. 6 pts The writing contains several errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that impede a clear reading of the paper. 0 pts No effort	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeClarity & Flow	5 pts The writing contains strong word choice that clarifies ideas and masterful sentence variety aids with the flow of ideas. 4.25 pts The writing contains varied word choice and sentence structures that clarify ideas and aid with the flow of ideas. 3.75 pts The writing contains word choice and sentence structures that can be revised for better clarification of ideas and flow of ideas. 3 pts The writing contains wording and sentence structures that are awkward and/or unclear, impeding the clarity and flow of ideas. 0 pts No effort	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Integration	10 pts Presentation includes references to 8 or more scholarly sources and properly integrates the sources. 8.5 pts Presentation includes reference to 7 scholarly sources. 7.5 pts Presentation includes reference to 6 scholarly sources. 6 pts Presentation includes reference to 5 scholarly sources. 0 pts Presentation includes reference to fewer than 5 scholarly sources.	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA: Citation and Reference Formatting	5 pts All sources are properly cited in the text and references page demonstrating a mastery of resource and APA citation reference format. 4.25 pts Most sources are cited in the text and references page. Some minor errors may exist in citation, but it does not interfere with understanding the source of the information. 3.75 pts Most sources are integrated, structured, and cited in the text and references page. Some errors may exist in citation that need to be addressed to clarify the source of information. 3 pts Sources are not properly cited in the text/references page. Formatting contains several errors that suggest a lack of understanding of APA format. 0 pts Sources are not cited.	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA Paper Format	5 pts Paper is properly formatted in APA style throughout (i.e. title page, spacing, font, in-text citations and references). 4 pts Paper is mostly properly formatted in APA style (i.e. title page, spacing, font, in-text citations and references). 3 pts Paper is somewhat properly formatted in APA style (i.e. title page, spacing, font, in-text citations and references). 2 pts Paper is improperly formatted in APA style throughout. 0 pts No effort	5 pts
Total Points: 75

PART 3: Narrated Presentation

Required ResourcesRead/review the following resources for this activity:

· Link (website):   

· Minimum of 8 scholarly resources (These are from the Week 4 Annotated Bibliography. Conduct additional research as needed.)

IntroductionFor this project, select a person whom you believe had significant influence (positive or negative) on a movement for social, economic, and/or political change in the 20th and 21st centuries. Explore and address the following in your project:

· Summarize the person's ideas.

· How did the ideas or changes affect the establishment and status quo?

· What was the context in which this person proposed ideas/change?

· How did the government or the people respond to the ideas/change?

· What sort of following or support did he/she have?

· How have the ideas/actions of the person influenced contemporary cultures and ideas?

For the final presentation, make sure to go beyond the surface information and go into depth about the person you are researching.

Here is a brief breakdown of the project so that you can plan your time in the course:

Week	Task
Week 3	Topic Selection
Week 5	Annotated Bibliography
Week 6	Script
Week 8	Presentation

InstructionsThe final step in the course project is to develop the presentation with audio narration.

· You may use PowerPoint or another method (mp4 file) approved by your instructor.

· Deliver the presentation in a professional and engaging manner.

· Include parenthetical in-text citations support observations made in the presentation. Make sure to read the citations when recording your narration. Do not read the references slide.

Presentation Requirements

· Length: 4-6 minutes narrated presentation 

· Slide length: 5-8 slides (not including title slide, conclusion slide, or references slide)

· Title slide

· Conclusion slide

· References slide (minimum of 8 scholarly sources cited in APA format; not narrated)

GradingThe activity is will be graded using the W8 Course Project Grading Rubric.

Course Outcomes (CO): 2, 3, 5, 8

Due Date: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Saturday

Rubric

Week 8 Course Project Grading Rubric

Week 8 Course Project Grading Rubric
Criteria	Ratings	Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLength	5 pts Meets length requirement 0 pts Does not meet length requirement	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeContent	10 pts Submission addresses all aspects of the assignment. 8.5 pts Submission addresses most aspects of the assignment. 7.5 pts Submission addresses some aspects of the assignment. 6 pts Submission addresses few aspects of the assignment. 0 pts No effort	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAnalysis	60 pts The central idea is developed and expanded with depth of critical thought. 51 pts The central idea is discernible and developed. 45 pts The central idea needs more development with points tying back to the thesis. 36 pts The central idea is not developed, and the analysis lacks critical thought. 0 pts No effort	60 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSource Integration	10 pts Presentation includes references to 8 or more scholarly sources and properly integrates the sources. 8.5 pts Presentation includes reference to 7 scholarly sources. 7.5 pts Presentation includes reference to 6 scholarly sources. 6 pts Presentation includes reference to 5 scholarly sources. 0 pts Presentation includes reference to fewer than 5 scholarly sources.	10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeOrganization	15 pts The sequence and presentation of information is logical and interesting. 12.75 pts The sequence of information is logical. 11.25 pts The narration jumps around, and/or topics are presented in a somewhat disorganized manner. 9 pts There is no clear sequence of information. 0 pts No effort	15 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeDelivery/Narration	15 pts Presentation displays smooth delivery and excellent timing of narrative elements. 12.75 pts Presentation displays fairly smooth delivery and timing of narrative elements, but some fine-tuning is needed. Issues do not detract from understanding the concepts being presented. 11.25 pts Presentation has some issues with delivery and timing of narrative elements that detract somewhat from understanding the concepts being presented. 9 pts Presentation has several issues with delivery and timing of narrative elements that detract significantly from understanding the concepts being presented. 0 pts No effort	15 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeWriting: Mechanics & Usage	5 pts The writing is free of major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that would detract from a clear reading of the presentation. 4.25 pts The writing contains a few major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation, but the errors do not detract from a clear reading of the presentation. 3.75 pts The writing contains some major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that need to be addressed for a clearer reading of the presentation. 3 pts The writing contains several major errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation that impede a clear reading of the presentation. 0 pts No effort	5 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA Resource Citation	5 pts Paper is properly formatted in APA style throughout (i.e. title page, spacing, font, in-text citations and references). 4 pts Paper is mostly properly formatted in APA style (i.e. title page, spacing, font, in-text citations and references). 3 pts Paper is somewhat properly formatted in APA style (i.e. title page, spacing, font, in-text citations and references). 2 pts Paper is improperly formatted in APA style throughout. 0 pts No effort	5 pts
Total Points: 125

PROJECT 1: NCAA DATABASE TOURNAMENT

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate your understanding of the following course concepts:

1. Creating an Access database.

2. Managing a database.

3. Create and modify tables.

4. Modify field properties.

5. Defining table relationships.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

For many years people have been following the NCAA tournament. Since there is a need to have this information readily accessible, we need to convert a previous paper-based system into a stored database. We will do this using an Access database. The first step in this conversion is dividing the information into different tables.

You will be creating a NEW database from scratch. This activity and all those associated with it are for you to go through creating a database and to review all tasks associated with doing so. Please take heed to do everything exactly as it is given including saving with the correct file names. Based on what you have learned in the lessons, you should have found out that even spelling has to be accurate in MS Access.

DIRECTIONS

1. Create a new MS Access database. Save it in to your computer or other destination using the following protocol: lastname_NCAA (for example, Henry_NCAA), (2) modify the database based on the instructions, (3) save your work, and (4) submit the completed file to your Assignments Folder in our CMST 100F Classroom.

2. Import the Teams.xlsx file as a new table to your database. (see attachment for Teams.xlsx file). The following site will also help you with the import process.

a. First row contains column headings.

b. In a new table.

c. Make no changes to any of the fields.

d. Make the “Team Name” field your primary key.

e. Save the table as Teams.

f. Close the table after you have correctly imported it.

3. Create a new table with the following fields;

FieldName FieldType Format/Other Items

Conference Text Primary Key

Team Name Text Short Text

4. Save the table as Conferences.

5. Open the table in Datasheet view and enter the following information about the NCAA Conferences:

Conference

Team Name

ACC

Abilene Christian Wildcats

American

Air Force Falcons

American East

Alabama Crimson Tide

Atlantic 10

Arizona Wildcats

Atlantic Sun

Baylor Bears

Big 10

Buffalo Bulls

Big 12

Campbell Fighting Camels

Big East

Charleston Cougars

Big Sky

Duke Blue Devils

Big South

East Tennessee State Buccaneers

Big Ten

Eastern Washington Eagles

Big Twelve

Fairleigh Dickerson Knights

Big West

Florida Atlantic Owls

Colonial

Florida Gators

Conf USA

Florida State Seminoles

Horizon

Georgia State Panthers

Ivy League

Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets

MEAC

Colgate Raiders

Mid American

Gonzaga

Missouri Valley

Hofstra Pride

Mountain West

Houston Cougars

Northeast

Jacksonville Dolphins

Ohio Valley

Kansas State Wildcats

Pacific-12

LSU Tigers

Patriot League

Marquette

SEC

Maryland Terrapins

Sothern

Michigan State Spartans

Southern

Murray State Racers

Southland

Murray State Racers

Sun Belt

New Mexico State Aggies

WAC

Norfolk State Spartans

West Coast

North Carolina Tar Heels

6. Save and close the table.

7. Create a table with the following fields:

FieldName FieldType Format/Other Items

LastName Text Primary Key

Position Lookup Wizard Create w/ the following options

– Guard, Forward, Center (Hint: (HINT: Select “I will type the values that I want.” Click Next. Then type in the 3 options

Team Name Text Size of 20

PPG Number Double

Rebounds Number Double

8. Save the table as Players.

9. Open the table in Datasheet view and enter the following information for the Players Table using the example below:

a. Complete the table using names and information for 10 players.

b. Use at least five of the team names from the Teams Table.

LastName Position TeamName PPG Rebounds

Anthony Cowan Jr. Guard Maryland Terrapins 15.6 3.7

10. Save and close the table.

RELATIONSHIPS

1. Click the Relationship button on the Database tools tab.

2. Add all three tables in the database, Teams, Conferences, and Players to the Relationships window.

3. Create a relationship between the Teams table and the Players table using the TeamName field. Make sure the following is true for this new relationship:

a. It is a One-to-Many relationship..

4. Create a relationship between the Teams table and the Conference table using the “Conference” field. Make sure the following is true for this new relationship:

a. It is a One-to-Many relationship .

b. Enforce Referential Integrity is selected.

c. Cascade Update Related Fields is selected.

d. Cascade Delete Related Records is selected.

5. Save the changes you made to the relationships for this database.

6. Close the Relationships Window.

SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Please submit the following to your Assignments Folder:

1. The completed Access database file.

2. Submit a Project Reflection (see below):

PROJECT REFLECTION

Answer the following questions when you submit your assignments files.

1. What are some roadblocks that you encountered while completing this assignment?

2. What is the most important thing that you have learned from completing this assignment?

Please submit your Project Reflection as a Microsoft Word document or just copy and paste your answers in your Assignments Folder's text box when you submit your assignment along with the rest of the required project files.

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Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier Inc.

CHECKLIST

Supply and Demand Guide

To solve the homework problems do the following:

1. Identify the determinant change

2. Shift the appropriate curve in the correct direction

3. Change price appropriately

4. Move along the other curve (the one that did not shift) in response to the price change.

The following information will tell you the determinants and how the change, as well as definitions of the key terms.

Demand

Demand: The amount that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices.

Law of Demand: Price and Quantity Demanded vary inversely.

Quantity Demanded: The amount that consumers are willing and able to buy at a particular price.

Change in Quantity Demanded: Changes in price change the quantity demanded. This is a Movement Along a Demand Curve in Response to a Price Change.

Change in Demand: This is a shift in the position of the demand curve, either upward or downward. If the curve shifts upward, consumers are saying they will pay more for all quantities of the good or service. If it shifts downward, consumers are saying they will pay less for all quantities of the good or service.

Determinants of Demand: The Demand Curve will shift only when one (or more) of the Determinants of Demand changes. These determinants are:

1. Size of Market: the number of consumers in the market for the good or service. If this factor increases, the curve shifts upward (increase in demand). If this decreases, the curve shifts downward (decrease in demand).

2. Consumer Tastes and Preferences: if these shift in favor of a product, the demand curve shifts upward (demand increases); if these shift against a product, the demand curve shifts downward (demand decreases).

3. Consumer Income: as the income of consumers increase, consumers purchase more of all normal goods (assume all the goods in the homework are normal goods), this shifts the demand curve upward (demand increases); if income decreases, then consumers buy less of all normal goods, this shifts the demand curve downward (demand decreases).

4. Prices of Related Goods:

a. Complimentary Goods: These are goods that are used to together like peanut butter and jelly. If the price of peanut butter goes up, the Quantity Demanded of peanut butter will decrease (a movement along a demand curve in response to a price change). However, the Demand for jelly will decline (decrease in demand) as fewer people buy it to go with the peanut butter, since they are buying less peanut butter.

b. Substitute Goods: These are goods that are used in place of each other. If the price of Coke Cola goes up, the Quantity Demanded of Coke does down (a movement along the demand curve). But the Demand for Pepsi – the substitute good – goes up as people substitute the lower priced Pepsi for the higher priced Coke (the Pepsi demand curve shifts upward).

5. Expectations about the Future: If people have a positive view of the future they will consumer more and save less. This shifts the demand curve for all normal goods upward. If people have a negative view of the future, they will consume less and save more, this shifts the demand curve for all normal goods downward.

Supply

Supply: The amount that producers are willing and able to bring to market at various prices.

Law of Supply: Price and Quantity Supplied vary directly.

Quantity Supplied: The amount that producers are willing and able to bring to market at a particular price.

Change in Quantity Supply: Changes in price change the quantity supplied. This is a Movement Along a Supply Curve in Response to a Price Change.

Change in Supply: This is a shift in the position of the supply curve, either upward (inward) or downward (outward). If the curve shifts upward, producers are saying they will bring less to market at all prices. If it shifts downward, producers are saying they will bring more to market at all prices.

Determinants of Supply: The Supply Curve will shift only when one (or more) of the Determinants of Supply changes. These determinants are:

1. Number of Firms in the Industry: If the number of firms in an industry increases, the more the industry can produce – this shifts the supply curve downward (outward) – this is an increase in supply. If the number of firms in an industry decreases, the industry can produce less output – this shifts the supply curve upward (inward) – this is a reduction in supply.

2. Relative Price of Alternative Outputs: If a firm can produce Product A or Product B with the same resources (inputs), it will produce the product with the higher price. If the price of Product A increases relative to Product B, then the firm will produce more of A and less of B. This causes the Supply Curve for A to shift outward (increase in supply) and the Supply Curve for B to shift upward (decrease in supply).

3. Costs of Production*: The costs of production is the primary determinant of supply. If the costs of production increase, then supply decreases – the Supply Curve shifts inward (a decrease in supply). If the costs of production decrease, then supply increases – the Supply Curve shifts outward (an increase in supply).

4. Expectations About the Future: If firms have a positive view of the future, they will increase production which is an increase in supply – the curve shifts outward. If firms have a negative view about the future, they will decrease production and the supply curve will shift upward – a decrease in supply.

* The Costs of Production include:

· Prices of inputs – the Factors of Production

· Business Taxes

· Complying with regulations

· Less any Subsidies the firm may receive

In equilibrium, the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded.

Graph A

When one or more of the determinants of demand (see above) change such that the demand for a good increases, that shows that consumers are willing to pay more for all possible quantities of the good. The upward shift in the demand curve causes an increase in price. Suppliers respond to the higher market price by bringing a greater quantity supplied to market – recall the Law of Supply.

SHAPE

Graph B

When one or more of the determinants of demand (see above) change such that the demand for that good decreases. The demand curve reflects this by shifting downward, showing the consumers are willing to pay less for all possible quantities of the good. This causes a decrease in price. Suppliers respond to the price change by bringing a lesser quantity supplied to market – recall the Law of Supply.

SHAPE

Graph C

When one or more of the determinants of supply (see above) change such that the supply for that good increases, the supply curve shifts outward showing that suppliers can bring more product to market at lower prices for all possible quantities. This causes a decrease in price. Demanders will respond to the price change with a greater quantity demanded – recall the Law of Demand.

SHAPE

Graph D

When one or more of the determinants of supply (see above) change such that the supply for that good decreases, the supply curve shifts inward showing the suppliers can bring fewer products to market at higher prices for all possible quantities. This causes an increase in price, and demanders are willing to buy a lesser quantity demanded – recall the Law of Demand.

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