Consider the 1994 Crime Bill and the environment in which it was developed. Comment on some of the elements of our chapter such as “symbolic actions” and evaluation procedures. When reflecting on the outcomes and impacts discussed in our supplemental reading articles, do the chapter concepts seem well applied to the formulation of the Crime Bill? Do you see techniques referenced in the chapter that could have been used to improve upon the legislation?

here is the articles with you will need:
https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2020/08/28/did-the-1994-crime-bill-cause-mass-incarceration/

https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/race/news/2019/05/10/469642/3-ways-1994-crime-bill-continues-hurt-communities-color/

extra info:

Much has been made in the final weeks of the Presidential Election Campaign about former Vice President Joe Biden’s involvement in the passage of the the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (1994 Crime Bill).

The 1994 Crime Bill, signed into law by President Clinton was put together over multiple years. Among its chief provisions were:

The “three strikes” mandatory life sentence for repeat drug and other potentially non-violent offenders.
Funding to hire 100,000 new police officers.
Approximately $9.7 billion in funding for additional prisons.
An expansion of death penalty-eligible offenses.

Officer Williams is an officer with the Richmond police department and has been with the department for five years. He received information that a citizen living in the local housing project was selling drugs. This information was conveyed to Officer Williams by an anonymous caller to the officer on his personal cell phone. Officer Williams immediately went to the housing project and stopped the citizen as he was leaving his apartment. Officer Williams searched the citizen and found drugs.

Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of this assignment.

Write a 1- to 2-page paper in which you:

Identify the constitutional amendment that would govern Officer Williams’ actions. In your own opinion, discuss if you support his actions or not. Justify your answer using the appropriate case law and Supreme Court precedents.
Analyze the validity and constitutionality of Officer Williams’ actions.
Determine whether or not Officer Williams’ actions were justified by any of the three (3) ways whereby probable cause can be established. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least two quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other similar websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

This course requires use of new Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow SWS or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Research and analyze procedures governing the process of arrest through trial.
Critically debate the constitutional safeguards of key amendments with specific attention to the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 14th Amendments.
Describe the difference between searchers, warrantless searches, and stops.
Write clearly and concisely about the criminal procedure using proper writing mechanics.

Officer Williams is an officer with the Richmond police department and has been with the department for five years. He received information that a citizen living in the local housing project was selling drugs. This information was conveyed to Officer Williams by an anonymous caller to the officer on his personal cell phone. Officer Williams immediately went to the housing project and stopped the citizen as he was leaving his apartment. Officer Williams searched the citizen and found drugs.

Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of this assignment.

Write a 1- to 2-page paper in which you:

Identify the constitutional amendment that would govern Officer Williams’ actions. In your own opinion, discuss if you support his actions or not. Justify your answer using the appropriate case law and Supreme Court precedents.
Analyze the validity and constitutionality of Officer Williams’ actions.
Determine whether or not Officer Williams’ actions were justified by any of the three (3) ways whereby probable cause can be established. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least two quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other similar websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

This course requires use of new Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow SWS or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Research and analyze procedures governing the process of arrest through trial.
Critically debate the constitutional safeguards of key amendments with specific attention to the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 14th Amendments.
Describe the difference between searchers, warrantless searches, and stops.
Write clearly and concisely about the criminal procedure using proper writing mechanics.

According to the textbook, prison reform is often effectuated by and through the legislature. Often, these changes are meant for improvement; however, they can have an unintended consequence. Imagine that you are a state legislator that heads a committee for the Department of Corrections. Your responsibilities include recommending improvements to the correctional system, both domestic and international, (e.g., Guantanamo Bay). Go to Cornell University Law Schools Website, located at http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/eighth_amendment, and review the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Write a 3-to 5-page paper in which you:

Suggest two actions that the corrections system can take in order to ensure that their officers adhere to the principals of professional conduct as stated by the correctional officers organization at http://www.correctionalofficer.org/professional-conduct. Provide a rationale for your response.
Take a position as to whether or not conditions of correctional facilities circumvent the cruel and unusual punishment standard of the Eighth Amendment. Provide a rationale for your response.
Support or refute the removal of capital punishment from the U.S. corrections system. Provide a rationale for your response.
Create an argument for or against intermediate sanctions as a deterrent of crime. Support your viewpoint with one example of intermediate sanctions from within the last three years that reflects your opinion.
Debate whether or not correctional officers are adequately equipped to deal with mentally ill inmates. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least two quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
This course requires that citations and references.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Determine the U.S. Constitutional amendments that apply to correctional management and operations.
Recommend improvements to selected areas of corrections.
Defend the purposes of corrections.
Examine the reform of American criminal justice beginning with 15th century Europe.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in correctional facility policies.
Write clearly and concisely about correctional facility policies using proper writing mechanics.

According to the textbook, prison reform is often effectuated by and through the legislature. Often, these changes are meant for improvement; however, they can have an unintended consequence. Imagine that you are a state legislator that heads a committee for the Department of Corrections. Your responsibilities include recommending improvements to the correctional system, both domestic and international, (e.g., Guantanamo Bay). Go to Cornell University Law Schools Website, located at http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/eighth_amendment, and review the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Write a 3-to 5-page paper in which you:

Suggest two actions that the corrections system can take in order to ensure that their officers adhere to the principals of professional conduct as stated by the correctional officers organization at http://www.correctionalofficer.org/professional-conduct. Provide a rationale for your response.
Take a position as to whether or not conditions of correctional facilities circumvent the cruel and unusual punishment standard of the Eighth Amendment. Provide a rationale for your response.
Support or refute the removal of capital punishment from the U.S. corrections system. Provide a rationale for your response.
Create an argument for or against intermediate sanctions as a deterrent of crime. Support your viewpoint with one example of intermediate sanctions from within the last three years that reflects your opinion.
Debate whether or not correctional officers are adequately equipped to deal with mentally ill inmates. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least two quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
This course requires that citations and references.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Determine the U.S. Constitutional amendments that apply to correctional management and operations.
Recommend improvements to selected areas of corrections.
Defend the purposes of corrections.
Examine the reform of American criminal justice beginning with 15th century Europe.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in correctional facility policies.
Write clearly and concisely about correctional facility policies using proper writing mechanics.